1000 B.C: The Torah protects deaf from curses but laws prohibit Deaf from performing in rituals of the Temple or being witnesses in court.
384-322 B.C: Aristotle claims, "Deaf people could not be educated [since] without hearing, people could not learn." As a result deaf son of King Croesus could not become heir to the throne.
345-550 A.D.: St. Augustine tells early Christians that Deaf children are sign's of God's anger at parents sins and transgressions.
1500's: Renaissance Europe have the first attempts at educating deaf. Geronimo Cardano of Italy uses code of symbols to teach his Deaf son.
Pedro Ponce de Leon, Benedictine Monk successfully teaches speech to people who are deaf since birth.
Juan Pablo Bonet advocates for early Sign Language and create the first book of manual alphabetic signs in 1620.
1690- 1880: Martha's Vineyard has a large population of deaf. As a result the town develops their own signs for the town. At town meetings the signs are used to communicate to all.
French Priest, Charles Michel De L'Eppe creates the first free school for Deaf in France. He bridges the deaf and hearing through a system of standardized signs and finger spelling. In 1788 a dictionary of French Sign Language is created.
Oral Education is taught in Spain, Germany, France, Holland and England. Secret methods of teaching lip reading are used. Samuel Heinicke, a German educator uses a technique developed by a Dutch doctor. Heinicke would have his students feel his throat as he talked in order to learn spoken language, this technique is called the "German Method."
In 1817, Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, American, travels to Europe in order to learn from De L'Eppe's successor, Roche Sicard. Laurent Clerc an instructor comes back with Gallaudet and together they open an American School for the Deaf in Connecticut. Teachers of the deaf are trained at Gallaudet's school and bring the techniques to their own schools.
In 1864 Abraham Lincoln signs a charter allowing a deaf college to open in Washington, D.C. Originally called the National College for the Deaf and Dumb but renamed in 1893 to Gallaudet College. To this day it is still the leader in higher education for the deaf.
1880: The Conference of Milan Endorses Oral Education. A gathering of deaf educators state oral education methods are better than manual communication systems. The United States is the only country that opposes this method. The next 10 years manual education for the deaf declines until the National Association of Deaf (NAD) is founded in the United States in order to keep sign language alive.
1880's-1920's: In 1901, American League gets their first grand slam due to William "Dummy" Hoy, a deaf player. Hand signals are developed so Hoy can see a strike call from the outfield.
In the 1920's, Gallaudet University's football teams uses huddle formation in order to hide signed instruction. Soon all teams are practicing the same huddle.
1964: Robert Weitbrecht, who is deaf, invents teletypewriter (TTY) enables deaf people to use phone lines to type out conversations.
Congress issues Baddidge Report on oral education and says it has been a "dismal failure". Many people applaud this report and find it a long overdue acknowledgment.
1970's: Total Communication, a combination of manual and speech based instruction is developed and promoted. Created by a mother who did not like oral based attempts at teaching her deaf daughter.
In 1975, Public Law 94-142 is passed required handicapped children in the U.S have a free and appropriate education, mainstreaming deaf children into public schools receiving special instruction but interacting with general public.
1972 WGBH in Boston open captions "The French Chef" the first nationally broadcast captioned program. By 1980 Close Captioning is developed and broadcast. By 1993, the FCC requires all televisions to have decoding chip for Closed Captioning.
1985: Cochlear Implants are approved for clinical trials for people over 18. The mechanical prosthesis bypasses the bones of the inner ear, placing electrodes into cochlea absorbing sound waves and interpreted by the auditory nerve.
1988: Deaf President Now protest in Washington, D.C at Gallaudet University. The protest demands the University to have a deaf president instead of hearing. In 1989 Gallaudet gets international attention with The Deaf Way brings 5,000 deaf people from all over the world boosting deaf pride and cultural awareness.
1990: Americans with Disabilities Act helps to promote greater communication, education and employment for the deaf. Deaf schools are "too restrictive" due to IDEA under least restrictive environment and some schools must close their doors due to plunges in enrollment.
384-322 B.C: Aristotle claims, "Deaf people could not be educated [since] without hearing, people could not learn." As a result deaf son of King Croesus could not become heir to the throne.
345-550 A.D.: St. Augustine tells early Christians that Deaf children are sign's of God's anger at parents sins and transgressions.
1500's: Renaissance Europe have the first attempts at educating deaf. Geronimo Cardano of Italy uses code of symbols to teach his Deaf son.
Pedro Ponce de Leon, Benedictine Monk successfully teaches speech to people who are deaf since birth.
Juan Pablo Bonet advocates for early Sign Language and create the first book of manual alphabetic signs in 1620.
1690- 1880: Martha's Vineyard has a large population of deaf. As a result the town develops their own signs for the town. At town meetings the signs are used to communicate to all.
French Priest, Charles Michel De L'Eppe creates the first free school for Deaf in France. He bridges the deaf and hearing through a system of standardized signs and finger spelling. In 1788 a dictionary of French Sign Language is created.
Oral Education is taught in Spain, Germany, France, Holland and England. Secret methods of teaching lip reading are used. Samuel Heinicke, a German educator uses a technique developed by a Dutch doctor. Heinicke would have his students feel his throat as he talked in order to learn spoken language, this technique is called the "German Method."
In 1817, Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, American, travels to Europe in order to learn from De L'Eppe's successor, Roche Sicard. Laurent Clerc an instructor comes back with Gallaudet and together they open an American School for the Deaf in Connecticut. Teachers of the deaf are trained at Gallaudet's school and bring the techniques to their own schools.
In 1864 Abraham Lincoln signs a charter allowing a deaf college to open in Washington, D.C. Originally called the National College for the Deaf and Dumb but renamed in 1893 to Gallaudet College. To this day it is still the leader in higher education for the deaf.
1880: The Conference of Milan Endorses Oral Education. A gathering of deaf educators state oral education methods are better than manual communication systems. The United States is the only country that opposes this method. The next 10 years manual education for the deaf declines until the National Association of Deaf (NAD) is founded in the United States in order to keep sign language alive.
1880's-1920's: In 1901, American League gets their first grand slam due to William "Dummy" Hoy, a deaf player. Hand signals are developed so Hoy can see a strike call from the outfield.
In the 1920's, Gallaudet University's football teams uses huddle formation in order to hide signed instruction. Soon all teams are practicing the same huddle.
1964: Robert Weitbrecht, who is deaf, invents teletypewriter (TTY) enables deaf people to use phone lines to type out conversations.
Congress issues Baddidge Report on oral education and says it has been a "dismal failure". Many people applaud this report and find it a long overdue acknowledgment.
1970's: Total Communication, a combination of manual and speech based instruction is developed and promoted. Created by a mother who did not like oral based attempts at teaching her deaf daughter.
In 1975, Public Law 94-142 is passed required handicapped children in the U.S have a free and appropriate education, mainstreaming deaf children into public schools receiving special instruction but interacting with general public.
1972 WGBH in Boston open captions "The French Chef" the first nationally broadcast captioned program. By 1980 Close Captioning is developed and broadcast. By 1993, the FCC requires all televisions to have decoding chip for Closed Captioning.
1985: Cochlear Implants are approved for clinical trials for people over 18. The mechanical prosthesis bypasses the bones of the inner ear, placing electrodes into cochlea absorbing sound waves and interpreted by the auditory nerve.
1988: Deaf President Now protest in Washington, D.C at Gallaudet University. The protest demands the University to have a deaf president instead of hearing. In 1989 Gallaudet gets international attention with The Deaf Way brings 5,000 deaf people from all over the world boosting deaf pride and cultural awareness.
1990: Americans with Disabilities Act helps to promote greater communication, education and employment for the deaf. Deaf schools are "too restrictive" due to IDEA under least restrictive environment and some schools must close their doors due to plunges in enrollment.